Compliance & Legislation

Within this section, you will find information on听research-related policy and legislation.

Export Control Regulations

Guidance on Export Control Legislation

UK export controls restrict the export of goods or technology, with the aim of preventing proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and countering terrorism. The controls apply to the physical movement of goods or the transfer of software, data, technology or know-how by any means (including by email and telephone) from the UK to a destination outside the UK.

Where an export falls under one or more of the controls, a licence may be required before any transfer can be made. There is no automatic exemption for academics and researchers.

Failure to obtain an appropriate licence to export controlled goods is a criminal offence.听

Does this apply to me?

Export control legislation can apply to any member of University staff intending to transfer:

Items on the听military list
Other items on the dual use list
Goods that might be used for听torture
Items to individuals, entities or countries on the sanctions list.
Radioactive sources
End Use

Export Control Joint Unit (ECJU) 鈥� which administers the UK鈥檚 system of export controls and licensing for military and dual-use items 鈥� have published specifically for academics or post-graduates in fields where there is a high-risk it could be used for military purposes

See:

What do we mean by 'items'?听 The controls apply to:

hardware (including equipment, tools, components and materials)
software (source and object code)听and technology. Technology includes information useful of the development, production or use of goods which are subject to controls

What do we mean by controlled export?听 Controlled exports include:

Sending or taking physical items overseas;
Travelling overseas carrying information on a laptop or USB;
Electronic transfers, emails, texts, uploading information to an overseas server;
Online/virtual teaching and learning resources; or
Telephone or other communication (such as Skype or FaceTime).

See听听guide (external resource)

Which disciplines are most likely to be affected?

Export Control legislation could affect academics and researchers in a wide range of subject disciplines. In practice, it is likely that science and engineering disciplines will be听commonly affected, since the knowledge and research conducted in these disciplines can directly lead to the advancement of programmes of concern. Such as:

Nuclear science or engineering
Biological Sciences relating to viruses, pathogens and vaccines
Chemical or toxic properties
High strength materials
High specification electronics, computers or telecommunications
Automation and control
Cryptography
Lasers, sonar and optics
Navigation and avionics
Submersible equipment
Aerospace and space

Check if your goods are controlled

Use the听听of strategic military and dual use items听including听UK听national controls to find out whether your goods are controlled.
Use the听. This听search tool is designed to find items on the UK Consolidated List.听

Are there any exemptions?

Basic Scientific Research: experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire knowledge of fundamental principles or phenomena or observable facts.听听Does听not apply听in case of WMD end-use.听 If there are any concerns,听WMD End-Use Controls will take precedence over the exemptions.
Information in the public domain freely available without restriction.听听鈥淚n the public domain鈥� is defined in the 2008 Order to mean "available without restriction upon further dissemination (no account being taken of restrictions arising solely from copyright)鈥�. It听has to be freely available, e.g. in a book, on a website, at an exhibition etc.

Publishing Research

Research听intended听to be published is not exempt until it is published
The听act听of publication is not controlled (unless it is otherwise restricted e.g. by contract or it contains classified information)听

End Use and Sanctions

End-Use Concerns

Where goods are not listed on the Control Lists, you may still need a licence under End-Use Controls. This applies if the goods are likely to be sent to an end-user to be used for:

military purposes by a country subject to sanctions (Military End-Use Control); or
WMD, namely for chemical, biological or nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or means for their delivery? (WMD End-Use Control).

Sanctions

Where goods are not listed on the ECO Consolidated List, you may still need a licence if you have been informed or are aware that the export may be intended for use in connection with military equipment in an embargoed destination.听 For countries currently subject to embargo, see current听.听 There are also some restrictions on exports to听听and听.

USA

Another aspect to consider, is whether any of the technology/component of the item听(you want to export)听imported from the US? If yes, has it been provided under a specific licence from the US government? If subject to听听or听听this may affect exporting and also sharing with academics and researchers within 裸聊直播听who are from overseas or have dual nationality, specifically from听听Countries.

Where do the Control Lists originate?

Data Protection Regulations

Data Protection听is about protecting information relating to people and the laws and regulations that enforce it give individuals more control and rights over how it used and for what purposes.听听Research projects undertaken at 裸聊直播 will often involve information relating to individuals. This information must be processed in accordance with the requirements of data protection law.听 To find out more, click on the听.

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